Ancient Indian Empires and Kingdoms

From their original settlements in the Punjab region, the Aryans gradually began to penetrate eastward, clearing dense forests and establishing tribal settlements along the Ganga and Yamuna (Jamuna) flood  plains between 1500 and ca. 800 B.C. By around 500 B.C., most of northern India was inhabited and had been brought under cultivation, facilitating the increasing knowledge of the use of iron implements, including ox-drawn plows, and spurred by the growing population that provided voluntary and forced labor. As riverine and inland trade flourished, many towns along the Ganga became centers of trade, culture, and luxurious living. Increasing population and surplus production provided the bases for the emergence of independent states with fluid territorial boundaries over which disputes frequently arose. The rudimentary administrative system headed by tribal chieftains was transformed by a number of regional republics or hereditary monarchies that devised ways to appropriate revenue and to conscript labor for expanding the areas of settlement and agriculture farther east and south, beyond the Narmada River. These emergent states collected revenue through officials, maintained armies, and built new cities and highways. By 600 B.C., sixteen such territorial powers—including the Magadha, Kosala, Kuru, and Gandhara—stretched across the North India plains from modern-day Afghanistan to Bangladesh. The right of a king to his throne, no matter how it was gained, was usually legitimized through elaborate sacrifice rituals and genealogies concocted by priests who ascribed to the king divine or superhuman origins. The victory of good over evil is epitomized in the epic Ramayana (The Travels of Rama, or Ram in the preferred modern form), while another epic, Mahabharata (Great Battle of the Descendants of Bharata), spells out the concept of dharma and duty. More than 2,500 years later, Mohandas Karamchand (Mahatma) Gandhi, the father of modern India, used these concepts in the fight for independence. The Mahabharata records the feud between Aryan cousins that culminated in an epic battle in which both gods and mortals from many lands allegedly fought to the death, and the Ramayana recounts the kidnapping of Sita, Ramas wife, by Ravana, a demonic king of Lanka (Sri Lanka), her rescue by her husband (aided by his animal allies), and Ramas coronation, leading to a period of prosperity and justice. In the late twentieth century, these epics remain dear to the hearts of Hindus and are commonly read and enacted in many settings. In the 1980s and 1990s, Rams story has been exploited by Hindu militants and politicians to gain power, and the much disputed Ramjanmabhumi, the birth site of Ram, has become an extremely sensitive communal issue, potentially pitting Hindu majority against a  Muslim minority. By the end of the sixth century B.C., Indias northwest was integrated into the Persian Achaemenid Empire and became one of its satrapies. This integration marked the beginning of administrative contacts between Central Asia and India. Magadha Although Indian accounts to a large extent ignored Alexander the Greats Indus campaign in 326 B.C., Greek writers recorded their impressions of the general conditions prevailing in South Asia during this period. Thus, the year 326 B.C. provides the first clear and historically verifiable date in Indian history. A two-way cultural fusion between several Indo-Greek elements—especially in art, architecture, and coinage—occurred in the next several hundred years. North Indias political landscape was transformed by the emergence of Magadha in the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain. In 322 B.C., Magadha, under the rule of Chandragupta Maurya, began to assert its hegemony over neighboring areas. Chandragupta, who ruled from 324 to 301 B.C., was the architect of the first Indian imperial power -- the Mauryan Empire (326-184 B.C.)—whose capital was Pataliputra, near modern-day Patna, in Bihar. Situated on rich alluvial soil and near mineral deposits, especially iron, Magadha was at the center of bustling commerce and trade. The capital was a city of magnificent palaces, temples, a university, a library, gardens, and parks, as reported by Megasthenes, the third-century B.C. Greek historian and ambassador to the Mauryan court. Legend states that Chandraguptas success was due in large measure to his adviser Kautilya, the Brahman author of the Arthashastra (Science of Material Gain), a textbook that outlined governmental administration and political strategy. There was a highly centralized and hierarchical government with a large staff, which regulated tax collection, trade and commerce, industrial arts, mining, vital statistics, the welfare of foreigners, maintenance of public places including markets and temples, and prostitutes. A large standing army and a well-developed espionage system were maintained. The empire was divided into provinces, districts, and villages governe d by a host of centrally appointed local officials, who replicated the functions of the central administration. Ashoka, grandson of Chandragupta, ruled from 269 to 232 B.C. and was one of Indias most illustrious rulers. Ashokas inscriptions chiseled on rocks and stone pillars located at strategic locations throughout his empire—such as Lampaka (Laghman in modern Afghanistan), Mahastan (in modern Bangladesh), and Brahmagiri (in Karnataka)—constitute the second set of datable historical records. According to some of the inscriptions, in the aftermath of the carnage resulting from his campaign against the powerful kingdom of Kalinga (modern Orissa), Ashoka renounced bloodshed and pursued a policy of nonviolence or ahimsa, espousing a theory of rule by righteousness. His toleration for different religious beliefs and languages reflected the realities of Indias regional pluralism although he personally seems to have followed Buddhism (see Buddhism, ch. 3). Early Buddhist stories assert that he convened a Buddhist council at his capital, regularly undertook tours within his realm, and sent Buddhist missionary ambassadors to Sri Lanka. Contacts established with the Hellenistic world during the reign of Ashokas predecessors served him well. He sent diplomatic-cum-religious missions to the rulers of Syria, Macedonia, and Epirus, who learned about Indias religious traditions, especially Buddhism. Indias northwest retained many Persian cultural elements, which might explain Ashokas rock inscriptions— such inscriptions were commonly associated with Persian rulers. Ashokas Greek and Aramaic inscriptions found in Kandahar in Afghanistan may also reveal his desire to maintain ties with people outside of India. After the disintegration of the Mauryan Empire in the second century B.C., South Asia became a collage of regional powers with overlapping boundaries. Indias unguarded northwestern border again attracted a series of invaders between 200 B.C. and A.D. 300. As the Aryans had done, the invaders became Indianized in the process of their conquest and settlement. Also, this period witnessed remarkable intellectual and artistic achievements inspired by cultural diffusion and syncretism. The Indo-Greeks, or the Bactrians, of the northwest contributed to the development of numismatics; they were followed by another group, the Shakas (or Scythians), from the steppes of Central Asia, who settled in western India. Still other nomadic people, the Yuezhi, who were forced out of the Inner Asian steppes of Mongolia, drove the Shakas out of northwestern India and established the Kushana Kingdom (first-century B.C.-third century A.D.). The Kushana Kingdom controlled parts of Afghanistan and Iran, and in India, the realm stretched from Purushapura (modern Peshawar, Pakistan) in the northwest, to Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh) in the east, and to Sanchi (Madhya Pradesh) in the south. For a short period, the kingdom reached still farther east, to Pataliputra. The Kushana Kingdom was the crucible of trade among the Indian, Persian, Chinese, and Roman empires and controlled a critical part of the legendary Silk Road. Kanishka, who reigned for two decades starting around A.D. 78, was the most noteworthy Kushana ruler. He converted to Buddhism and convened a great Buddhist council in Kashmir. The Kushanas were patrons of Gandharan art, a synthesis between Greek and Indian styles, and Sanskrit literature. They initiated a new era called Shaka in A.D. 78, and their calendar, which was formally recognized by India for civil purposes starting on March 22, 1957, is still in use.

Literature Review Poverty and Juvenile Delinquency Essay

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... 2 LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................................................. 3 Family Factors ............................................................................................................................ 3 Parenting .................................................................................................................................. 3 Financial†¦show more content†¦First, the parenting strategies within families will be explored. Then, there will be a look into the financial status of the families and child delinquency. Third, this paper will examine the lives of homeless youth and their survival tactics. Next, there will be some research reviewed on the effects of abuse in the home and the development of delinquent tendencies. Finally, this section will look at the effects of incarceration on the families it leaves behind. Parenting Tyrone Cheng examines the consequences of various parenting styles and family structure to relate it to delinquency. Through a secondary analysis of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, he emphasizes the importance of family preservation. The final sample of 823 children, ages 16-18, resulted in trends between the years a child spent with biological or step parents and the increased likelihood and delinquency. Fewer years increased the chances of delinquency. Lax in chore delegation and low limits of TV/game play resulted in higher delinquency. Their study showed no significant community economic status implications, but there was double the likelihood of delinquency for those whose mothers were poor (Cheng, 2004). Financial Status Agnew, Matthews, Bucher, Welcher, and Keyes (2008) put a spin on the ordinary research. Through research and national data, they determined that it is not exactly the socioeconomic status of the family that correlates to delinquency, but the economic issues thatShow MoreRelatedIs There A Strong Relationship Between Poverty And Juvenile Delinquency?1655 Words   |  7 PagesBetween Poverty and Juvenile Delinquency? There is a lot of research in the world on whether or not poverty and juvenile delinquency are correlated. Of what I’ve seen, the studies suggest that there is, in fact, a relationship between them. Poverty is a serious issue, and it not only affects the people living in poverty, but it also affects the people around poverty-ridden neighborhoods. This study will address the issue of poverty on juveniles. Moreover, it will unveil the problem and review literatureRead MoreSocial And Social Learning Theory1553 Words   |  7 Pageslearned through associations with others who commit crimes. Juveniles are very impressionable or gullible, wherein they want to be popular or part of the in-crowd or clique. In comparison to the 1970’s versus today, juveniles are emulating criminals depicted on television not just through associations. Consider the current state of technology, specifically the internet and websites such as â€Å"You Tube.† With respect to crime and j uvenile delinquents, You Tube is and can be a negative influence. InRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System Is Not Reflective Of Their National Population1612 Words   |  7 Pagesare roughly 79,000 adolescents held at juvenile facilities all across the United States (Sickmund Puzzanchera, 2014). Of that population, Latino and African American youth represent the majority of those in confinement. This is a problem because the overrepresentation of minorities within the juvenile justice system is not reflective of their national population percentages. Nationally, Latino and African American youth only comprise 38% of the total juvenile population combined, while CaucasianRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is An Increasing Problem Within The United States995 Words   |  4 Pages Juvenile delinquency has become an increasing problem within the United States. According to Siegel and Welsh (2012), more than 1.1 million youth are being arrested each year for various crimes ranging from loite ring to murder. There are numerous reasons why there should be programs to help deter delinquency. One of which, Greenwood (2008), states that juvenile delinquency has started to take it’s toll on tax payers. The cost of arresting, incarcerating, prosecuting, and treating offenders has beganRead MoreAdolescence And Adulthood And The Factors That Promote Childhood Delinquency Essay1731 Words   |  7 Pagesa correlate of delinquency is anything that shows itself to have a relationship to delinquency† (Bates Swan, 2014). Our society has always put delinquency in the same category as school systems, but what is commonly overlooked are many other factors that go into the correlation between schools and delinquency. The label of delinquency in schools does not just get slapped on because the justice system is looking for an excuse. There are many articles over adolescent delinquency and less researchRead MoreFamily Structure And Juvenile Delinquency1671 Words   |  7 P agescrime is mostly known as juvenile delinquency. Juvenile delinquency is defined as young adults, people under eighteen, braking or violating the law (Websters). Family structure can affect juvenile delinquency in numerous ways. Family structure can include family support system, home environment, and family unity. The independent variable is family structure and the dependent variable is juvenile delinquency. Home environment plays a role in the production of juvenile delinquency. Kierkus and HewittRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is Affected By The Family Circumstances, Activities, And Gender Of The Individual2675 Words   |  11 Pagescrime and delinquency are distributed through many variables such as family circumstances, activities, and gender. This literature review aims to analyze juvenile delinquency through these variables from research done in three specific articles. It was found that some of these variables have a direct affect on the amount of juvenile delinquency while others need further research for a conclusive answer to be found. Although theses are not all of the factors affecting juvenile delinquency, it is aRead MoreThe Intervention Strategies For Juvenile Delinquency Essay1804 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The frustrations in the immediate environment lead to juvenile delinquency. The society puts much pressure to children to perform in school to become successful in future. However, the limited resources, especially in education and the lack of basic needs in most families, block the achievement of goals. The purpose of the essay is to demonstrate how the early intervention strategies can help to address the issue of juvenile delinquency. The main focus is the immediate environments, such as theRead MoreThe Effects Of Juvenile Delinquency On The Criminal Justice System1691 Words   |  7 Pagesthat crime is being exposed and done by minors. Juvenile delinquency has impacted the criminal justice system in various ways. It has grown over the past years and many do not know how it evolved. For once, family structure can affect juvenile delinquency in numerous of ways. The independent variable is family structure and the dependent variable is juvenile delinquency. Home environment does indeed play a role in the production of juvenile delinquency. Kierkus and Hewitt (2009) in The ContextualRead MoreFamily Structure And Juvenile Delinquency1626 Words   |  7 Pagesof crimes committed by minors. Family structure can affect juvenile delinquency in numerous ways. The independent variable is family structure and the dependent variable is juvenile delinquency. Home environment plays a role in the production of juvenile delinquency. Kierkus and Hewitt (2009) in The Contextual Nature of the Family Structure/Delinquency relationship discussed how family structure is an important factor in delinquency but there might also be other factors that influence this type

Analyzing The Magical Realism Styles Of Genres English Literature Essay free essay sample

Charming pragmatism is an aesthetic manner or genre in literature in which charming elements are blended into a realistic ambiance in order to entree a deeper apprehension of world.[ 1 ]Cases of charming pragmatism are prevalent in both The House of the Spirits and Wide Sargasso Sea, by manner of usage of elements of Mysticism and Occult. In The House of the Spirits, Clara has been depicted as a immature miss with supernatural abilities of second sight and psychokinesis. Throughout the novel we see her ability to anticipate the hereafter, move objects without touching them and construe dreams to assorted agencies and terminals. However, in the Wide Sargasso Sea, Antoinette loath usage of obi to recover the lost love of her hubby does non take to conjugal cloud nine. In the Wide Sargasso Sea, Antoinette is instead recluse and believes that the universe is irreverent and Christophine, her amah who patterns occult remains her lone confidante and the 1 who can bring forth God-like thaumaturgy. Antoinette hopes that her matrimony will work out the jobs of her life. However, Christophine s thaumaturgy wholly blowbacks and is a cardinal factor which leads to her tragic terminal. She considers everything to be fate and fate. As a kid, Antoinette understands from her new retainers that Christophine patterns of Obeah. The writer shows Antoinette conceive ofing a visit to Christophine s place, where she sees instead vague objects. At her house she imagines a dead adult males dried manus, white poulet plumes, and a prick with its pharynx cut. When misgiving and darkness come into the relationship, she hesitantly turns to Christophine to seek aid. Christophine cautiousnesss Antoinette that utilizing Obeah would merely do her hubby experience a sexual desire for her, non love. She says, Even if I can do him come to your bed, I can non do him love you. [ 2 ]It is clearly emphasized that Christophine realizes the futility of the usage of thaumaturgy on Antoinette s hubby. She tells Antoinette that When adult male do nt love you, more you try, more he detest you, adult male like thataˆÂ ¦ [ 3 ]and that aˆÂ ¦If the adult male do nt love you, I ca nt do him love you. [ 4 ]She besides warns her that Obe ah works basically on and for Black people and non on the White persons . Christophine tells Antoinette, aˆÂ ¦Too besides that is non for beke . Bad, bad problem com when beke meddle with that. [ 5 ]Christophine advices her to choose for another way to decide jobs of her conjugal life. However, Antoinette has succumbed to her ill-fate and believes that there is no other resort to resuscitate her matrimony. She compels Christophine to make her command. You must I will be quiet, I will non shout. But Christophine, if he, my hubby, could come to me one dark. Once more. I could do him love me. [ 6 ] Reluctantly, Christophine agrees to concoct a potion with the hope that it might assist Antoinette derive her hubby s love. However, Christophine s expectancy of bad, bad problem is the lone result. The Potion does non engender the coveted consequence on her hubby ; alternatively, wholly contrary to the intent for which the potion was concocted, it propels him into the weaponries of Amelie, the house amah. Additionally, he becomes ferocious with her, surmising that she has tried to poison him, infers that she could be every bit crazed as her female parent was before her and arranges for them to go forth Coulibri every bit shortly as possible. In England, Antoinette is imprisoned and is looked after by Grace Poole. She simply remains a marionette in the custodies of her unreliable hubby. When she is locked up in the Attic, she is unable to retrieve who she is and hunts for a mirror to acknowledge herself. In this manner, the usage of supernatural leads to a negation of her individua lity. She does nt acknowledge her step-brother and hastes at him with a knife when he comes to run into her. It seems as if her memory has been erased and she is unable to remember anything. Thus we see the usage of supernatural bringing mayhem in the life of the supporter in Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea. In The House of the Spirits, Clara is described as a portion of a happy yesteryear in the first chapter of the novel, her universe of happy fast ones, the Canis familiaris, and her partnership with her uncle and his hoarded wealth of charming fast ones. Small does she cognize how charming of brand believe, dexterity of the manus would subsequently take her to a universe of isolation where she would merely pass on with liquors, and thereby get away from world to the unreal universe of liquors. Her self-imposed silence paved manner to the universe of liquors who she could associate to better than a loveless cruel universe. We see the fresh beginning with Severo Del Valle s political association and how it intervenes with Clara s uncommon endowment of second sight. The writer makes this clear in the really first chapter the scene at Church and thenceforth, when the Del Valle household is told to go forth when Clara makes a comment about snake pit. She is said to be Possessed She s possessed by the Satan! [ 7 ]by Father Restrepo. Clara s parents believe that if people realize that she is has an unusual, numinous installation it could impair Severo del Valle s political aspirations and the household might go a beginning of amusement or ridicule. Hence, she is non exposed to society and is kept confined to the house which promotes these unusual qualities. Clara foresees her matrimony with Esteban Trueba, who at one point of clip was her sister s fiance . She does non get married Esteban due to the resignation of her emotions but instead out of a foreboding she obtains about her fate. She assumes it to be her fate and considers it to inevitable. Psychic deliberation gives her a defence mechanism against the junior-grade worlds of life. It warns her of the forthcoming events which she irrefutably accepts: aˆÂ ¦Severo and Nivea Del Valle had diedaˆÂ ¦Clara found out in her dream before everybody else. [ 8 ] Make me a favour Senor, measure through here and manus me that adult female s caput you ll see lying on the land. [ 9 ] Everything will turn out fineaˆÂ ¦It s non one, it s two. The twins will be called Jaime and Nicolas, severally. [ 10 ] Yet Clara s efforts to turn up Ferula turn out to be ineffectual. She is merely able to see her spirit. She says that You ca nt happen person who does nt desire to be found. The three Mora sisters are Clara s Astral sisters. They learn of Clara s being through telepathic contact with her. They, together with Clara invoke liquors. The last of the lasting Mora sisters, Luisa Mora, prophetically warns Alba of the danger that awaits her if she resolves to shack in the state after the putsch. In Clara s life, charming plays a really of import function. Her psychic deliberations, in one manner or the other isolates and distances her from normal people as besides people who care about her and stop up enduring for it. Mysticism lends to her phantasmagoric ideas and imaginativenesss. However, it besides makes her catatonic when she is forced to face world, as she has neer been closely related to world. Antoinette goes through state of affairss in which she is forced to utilize charming as the last redress to decide her jobs ; on the other manus Clara s numinous abilities are built-in. Contrasting to Antoinette, Clara does nt utilize her abilities for personal additions but for helping people. Both the female supporters use supernatural and mysticism to accomplish some felicity and peace and to come to footings with the discordance in their lives. However it fails in a large manner to convey about an enchanted stoping to their lives. While it leads to the Nemesis of one ( Antoinette ) , it for good distances the other ( Clara ) from people who could hold been a important portion, but were relegated to the background in the huge canvas of her mystical life.

The Significance Of The Title In The free essay sample

Catcher In The Rye Essay, Research Paper In J. D. Salinger # 8217 ; s Catcher in the Rye, there are many subjects that are perceptible, nevertheless the most dominant subject was embedded in the rubric of the book. This is why in this essay I will turn to the significance of the rubric of this book. At the really outset, I will wish to province what the rubric signified. The rubric established Holden Caulfield, the supporter # 8217 ; s duties in life, as stated by himself. Holden wished to function humanity by safeguarding the artlessness and pureness of kids, by protecting them from the immoralities of life and more straight the dangers of the # 8216 ; grownup # 8217 ; universe. There were many cases in this novel when this significance was supported. After holding evaluated these cases the reader was readily able to detect how the rubric of this book described and/or influenced the supporters # 8217 ; nature. The writer made a direct mention to the rubric in Chapter 22, when Holden returned to Phoebe, his younger sister # 8217 ; s room merely after holding sneaked back place in order to seek redemption through her: # 8220 ; I figured I # 8217 ; d better sneak place and see her ( Phoebe ) , in instance I died and all. We will write a custom essay sample on The Significance Of The Title In The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page # 8221 ; When Phoebe found out that Holden had been expelled from yet another school she became disquieted and complained that Holden didn # 8217 ; Ts like anything. She asked him what he would wish to be and Holden answered, # 8220 ; I keep visualizing all these small childs playing some game in this large field of rye and all. Thousands of small childs, and cipher # 8217 ; s around # 8211 ; cipher large, I mean # 8211 ; except me. And I # 8217 ; m standing on the border of some brainsick drop. What I have to make, I have to catch everybody if they start to travel over the drop # 8211 ; I mean if they # 8217 ; re running and they don # 8217 ; t look where they # 8217 ; re traveling I have to come out from someplace and catch them. That # 8217 ; s all I # 8217 ; d do all twenty-four hours. I # 8217 ; d merely be the backstop in the rye and all. I know it # 8217 ; s brainsick, but that # 8217 ; s the lone thing I # 8217 ; d truly like to be. I know it # 8217 ; s cra zy. # 8221 ; This response to Phoebe # 8217 ; s inquiry is basically the underlining event that explained what the significance of the rubric is. This response, by manner of symbolism, accorded to Holden his responsibilities as the # 8216 ; backstop in the rye. # 8217 ; His duty to shelter the inexperienced person from falling into the # 8216 ; grownup # 8217 ; universe. In which, even the monetary value of a set of baggage is adequate to divide school roomies, where aspirations are hollow, and the intent of school is to garner up sufficient cognition so that someday one can purchase a long, sleek, glistening Cadillac. Briefly, he has to protect the inexperienced person from the defects of the # 8216 ; grownup # 8217 ; universe. The first clip that the writer hinted about the pith of the rubric was in Chapter 16, when Holden was walking up Broadway, merely before his rendezvous with Sally Hayes, ( one of his friends with whom he had made a day of the month to travel to the theatre. ) On his manner, he walked behind a household of three who had merely been to church. Holden liked them and attempted to hear what one of the immature male childs was humming. The kid was singing # 8220 ; If a organic structure catch a organic structure coming through the rye, # 8221 ; and this made Holden experience better: # 8220 ; It made me experience non so down anymore. # 8221 ; Although this was non wholly apparent, a nd it did non straight construe the rubric as him being the Jesus of the inexperienced persons, it did demo how Holden obtained alleviation from depression and melancholy every bit shortly as he encountered what he held to be artlessness. In other words, when he met kids. An extra illustration of when Holden demonstrated his function as the # 8216 ; backstop in the rye # 8217 ; , was when he learned that Stradlater, his roomie, was traveling on a day of the month with Jane Gallagher, a friend of his. Holden was a sensitive, caring person who showed concern for the well being of Jane Gallagher. To Holden Jane represented pureness, he used to play draughtss with her and she was the type of individual who would go forth all her male monarchs in the back row. This may look merely as if it is a junior-grade item, nevertheless it holds a batch of symbolic value. The fact that Jane did non cognize that her male monarchs are of no usage sitting in the back row represented artlessness. Since it is Holden # 8217 ; s occupation to protect the inexperienced person he did non desire her to day of the month Stradlater because he knew that Stradlater was a sexually attractive, virile immature adult male who is careless, slightly thoughtless and non interested in inside informations. # 8220 ; If you knew Stradlater, you # 8217 ; vitamin Ds have been worried, excessively. I # 8217 ; d dual dated with that asshole a twosome of times, and I know what I # 8217 ; m speaking approximately. He was unscrupulous. He truly was. # 8221 ; Therefore by demoing his concern for Jane, # 8220 ; I sat at that place for about half hr after he left I kept believing about Jane, and about what Stradlater holding a day of the month wither her and all. It made me so nervous I about went crazy. # 8221 ; Holden attempted to carry through his responsibilities as being the # 8216 ; backstop in the rye. # 8217 ; Another illustration that confirmed the effect of the rubric, was when Holden went to his younger sister Phoebes simple school in order to speak to her before he left. Anyhow, while he was at that place he saw the word # 8216 ; fuck you # 8217 ; written on the walls and # 8220 ; it drove me ( him ) darn near crazy. # 8221 ; He couldn # 8217 ; t stand the thought that Phoebe or her friends had seen that written on the wall. If they had seen it they would inquire and finally # 8220 ; some dirty child would state them, # 8221 ; what it meant. This is when he started wipe outing the first feeling on the wall. But shortly he realized, # 8220 ; it was hopeless anyhow. If you had a million old ages to make it in, you couldn # 8217 ; t rub out even half the fuck marks in the universe. It # 8217 ; s impossible. # 8221 ; Now when this event is assessed with the kernel of the rubric the reader can effortlessly detect the fact that this event absolutely parallels the significance of t he rubric. This event illustrated Holden # 8217 ; s responsibilities as # 8216 ; the backstop in the rye # 8217 ; by demoing how he tried to wipe out the feelings of the word # 8216 ; fuck # 8217 ; on the walls. The childs that Holden was seeking to protect were the guiltless childs who did non cognize what the word # 8216 ; fuck # 8217 ; meant so he tried to salvage them before they fell off the drop and into the grownup universe where harmonizing to him artlessness was non-existent. The aforesaid events once and for all support the thought upon which was grounded the rubric of the book and besides the supporters, Holden Caulfield # 8217 ; s, character or nature. This thought was the supporter # 8217 ; s duty to protect the inexperienced person from the impure.